Особливості впливу нематеріальних чинників на адміністративно-територіальні зміни територіальних громад

Abstract

У статті вивчаються теоретичні та практичні аспекти впливу нематеріальних чинників на просторову структуру міст та територій. На підставі ґрунтовного аналізу адміністративно-територіальних змін населених пунктів на прикладі міст Карпатського регіону визначаються рівні впливу нематеріального (законодавчо-нормативні, політико-адміністративні, ментально-етичні, релігійно-духовні та ландшафтно-естетичні чинники) на просторову структуру урбанізованих систем. At the present stage of development of territorial communities, the problem of their unification, including the change of administrative boundaries, has become a serious problem. The policy of dividing these boundaries is reflected in the perspective plan for the development of territorial communities, in particular relying on the material component without taking into account the intangible factor. This is quite clearly seen at the stage of formation of new ATGs and those conflict situations that arise in their formation. Аcombination of material and intangible factors in the development of spatial systems. The material component manifests itself in the clear regulation of the boundaries, principles and methods of organization of united communities, as well as their powers in the urban sphere. Intangible (dominant) is manifested in the fact that members of the community have the right to determine the vector and specificity of development of the spatial structure of the city or settlement. The analysis of the law on decentralization shows that the lawmakers also put the intangible in its basis: the continuity of the territory of the ОTG; taking into account historical, natural, ethnic, cultural and other factors; the impossibility of reducing the quality and publicity of all services provided before the creation of the community. The peculiarity of the transformation of the administrative-territorial structure and the process of forming the ОTG is that the center, as a rule, becomes the most developed settlement, including the city. Lastly, in this regard, it has high prospects for the development of an urbanized area, but this is possible only after overcoming a number of contradictions. It is possible to solve the latter by taking into account intangible factors, in particular property relations, which in the process of joining the city of the surrounding territories, offset the established principles of ownership and people's view of the surrounding space. Our surveys and their results prove that the agglomeration territory and the process of its formation are a consequence of socio-political processes, and the elements of the natural environment, form a new type of urban space, when the newly annexed territories are considered as recreation areas and satisfy the aesthetic and landscape preferences of residents. The latter are an intangible manifestation and, at the same time, a modern trend in the development of urbanized areas, where landscape and environmental issues are recognized as key needs of residents. In accordance with these needs, a transport network is formed and urban space is zoned. A new type of socio-economic, labor, cultural, and recreational ties is emerging.