Семіотичний характер просторової структури сучасного міста

Abstract

У статті визначається семіотичний характер просторової структури сучасного міста, з’ясовуються причинні умови її трансформації під впливом нематеріальних чинників.Місто визначається основним виразником просторової структури, що орієнтується на людину. Не зважаючи на єдність та цілісність міста, його внутрішня організація вказує на наявність достатньої кількості відносно автономних елементів і різноманітних комунікаційних зв’язків, які несуть смислове і ціннісне навантаження. Визначити характер цих символів і ступінь їх впливу на просторову структуру дозволяють нематеріальні чинники.Встановлено, що фундаментом будівництва суспільно-просторової моделі міста є взаємні відносини між приватним, груповим і громадським просторами. The article determines the semiotic nature of the spatial structure of the modern city, clarifies the reasons and conditions of its transformation under the influence of intangible factors. The city is determined by the main expression of the spatial structure, oriented to the person. Despite the unity and integrity of the city, its internal organization indicates the presence of a sufficient number of relatively autonomous elements and a variety ofcommunication links that carry a semantic and value load. Based on the fact that the city and its space have always been a synthesis of various functional processes, united by one or another system of communications, the relationship between them was influenced by tangible and intangible factors. At the same time, the intangible is what unites the city at the existing semantic level. Historically, it was the presence of a spiritual or cultural center in the settlement that gave it urban status. Functional indicators of the intangible are defined as a person's desire to remain part of this space, to form its structure. It is established that if the material component of the city is formed in the process of interconnection of existing stationary processes and communication links, the intangible - gives the existing processes a value aspect, and at the same time acts as one of the elements of communication. If in the material sense communications are roads, means of communication, engineering and technological networks, etc., then intangible communications are faith, and also associative connection of each inhabitant of the city, with this city, its space, understanding of needs of development of city territory. Intangible communication forms a set of symbols, which ultimately make it possible to develop a "brand" of the city as an ideal space. The formed intangible semiotic signs of the city encode the perception and understanding of the human environment. Thanks to the signs, a person gives the surrounding space certain meanings, there is a distinction of own (personal, individual) space and its relationship with the space of another person, with the space of all city dwellers, as well as with the spatial structure of the city or urban system. It is established that the city as a living space has undergone a long evolution and transformation of all structures, the end result of which was the formation of a separate urban space as a self-sufficient clearly separated area, where the functional level of human life.